Biodiversity and Its Conservation
Test 1

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which level of biodiversity refers to the variation in genes among individuals of the same species?

Genetic diversity
Species diversity
Ecological diversity
Taxonomic diversity
1

Genetic diversity refers to the variation in genes among individuals of the same species and improves the adaptability of populations.

Which of the following species became extinct primarily due to overexploitation by humans?

Bengal Tiger
Passenger Pigeon
House Sparrow
Komodo Dragon
2

The Passenger Pigeon became extinct mainly because of overexploitation by humans and is cited in NCERT as an example of this cause of biodiversity loss.

Which of the following statements about national parks is correct?

National parks conserve biodiversity in its natural habitat.
National parks permit unrestricted hunting and resource extraction.
National parks are established mainly for commercial forestry.
National parks have little role in biodiversity conservation.
1

National parks are protected areas used for in situ conservation, where ecosystems and their biodiversity are protected.

India is recognised as one of the world's megadiverse countries because it harbours approximately:

2.4% of the world's land area but about 8.1% of the recorded species
8.1% of the world's land area
25% of the world's biodiversity
Half of the world's endemic species
1

India occupies about 2.4% of the world's land area but accounts for about 8.1% of the recorded global species diversity, making it one of the 12 megadiverse countries.

Which of the following is NOT a component of the "Evil Quartet" responsible for biodiversity loss?

Co-extinctions
Habitat loss and fragmentation
Climate change
Alien species invasions
3

NCERT identifies the "Evil Quartet" as habitat loss and fragmentation, overexploitation, alien species invasions, and co-extinctions. Climate change is not included in this list.

Which biodiversity conservation strategy involves protecting threatened species outside their natural habitats?

In situ conservation
Ex situ conservation
Habitat restoration
Afforestation
2

Ex situ conservation protects threatened species outside their natural habitats in zoological parks, botanical gardens, seed banks, and by cryopreservation.

Which of the following statements regarding the present rate of species extinction is correct?

It is approximately equal to the natural background extinction rate.
It is lower than the natural background extinction rate.
It is estimated to be 100–1000 times higher than the natural background extinction rate.
It is independent of human activities.
3

According to NCERT, the present extinction rate is 100–1000 times the natural background rate because of habitat loss and fragmentation, overexploitation, alien species invasions, and co-extinctions.

Which of the following is an important ecosystem service provided by biodiversity?

Pollination of crop plants
Providing habitat only for wild animals
Increasing greenhouse gas emissions
Accelerating soil erosion
1

Biodiversity provides essential ecosystem services such as pollination, nutrient cycling, soil formation, climate regulation, and purification of air and water.

Which of the following is commonly used for the long-term conservation of plant genetic resources?

Seed banks
Wildlife sanctuaries
Zoological parks
National parks
1

Seed banks preserve viable seeds under controlled conditions and are an important method of ex situ conservation.

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