Biodiversity & Conservation Chapter-Wise Test 14

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following is an example of in situ conservation?

Zoological parks
Seed banks
Wildlife sanctuaries
Cryopreservation
3

Wildlife sanctuaries are examples of in situ conservation, where organisms are protected in their natural habitats.

Which of the following statements about ecosystem services is correct?

Ecosystem services include pollination and soil formation.
Ecosystem services have no economic value.
Ecosystem services are only provided by forests.
Ecosystem services are not affected by human activities.
1

Ecosystem services include pollination, soil formation, nutrient cycling, climate regulation, and water purification.

What is the primary cause of the loss of Amazon rainforest biodiversity?

Glaciation
Deforestation
Volcanic activity
Urbanization
2

Large-scale deforestation of the Amazon rainforest has caused extensive habitat loss and biodiversity decline.

How many biodiversity hotspots include regions of India?

2
3
4
5
3

India shares four biodiversity hotspots: Himalaya, Indo-Burma, Western Ghats–Sri Lanka, and Sundaland (Nicobar Islands).

For most species, the value of slope (Z) in the species–area relationship lies between:

0.01–0.05
0.1–0.2
0.6–1.2
1.5–2.0
2

For most species and taxonomic groups, the slope (Z) ranges from 0.1 to 0.2. For very large areas such as continents, it may range from 0.6 to 1.2.

Which of the following statements about species extinction is correct?

Extinction rates have increased due to human activities.
Extinction has no impact on ecosystem stability.
All species go extinct at the same natural rate.
Only large mammals are at risk of extinction.
1

Human activities such as habitat loss and fragmentation, overexploitation, alien species invasions, and co-extinctions have greatly accelerated extinction rates.

The annual value of ecosystem services provided by biodiversity has been estimated to be:

US $3 trillion
US $10 trillion
US $33 trillion
US $100 trillion
3

Robert Costanza and colleagues estimated the value of ecosystem services to be about US $33 trillion per year, nearly twice the global gross national product at that time.

Which of the following is an example of ex situ conservation?

Wildlife sanctuary
National park
Botanical garden
Biosphere reserve
3

Botanical gardens conserve plants outside their natural habitats and are examples of ex situ conservation.

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major causes of biodiversity loss?

Habitat loss and fragmentation
Overexploitation
Alien species invasions
Natural selection
4

The four major causes of biodiversity loss are habitat loss and fragmentation, overexploitation, alien species invasions, and co-extinctions.

Which of the following factors is NOT part of the broadly utilitarian value of biodiversity?

Oxygen production
Pollination services
Aesthetic value
Direct economic benefits
4

Direct economic benefits belong to the narrowly utilitarian values of biodiversity, whereas oxygen production, pollination, and aesthetic value are broadly utilitarian values.

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