Biodiversity & Conservation Chapter-Wise Test 15

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

What is the primary reason for the high biodiversity of the Amazon rainforest?

Frequent seasonal changes
Short evolutionary time
High solar energy availability
Low precipitation
3

The tropics, including the Amazon rainforest, receive greater solar energy and have experienced long evolutionary periods with relatively stable climates, resulting in high biodiversity.

Which of the following statements about conservation strategies is correct?

In situ conservation protects species in their natural habitats.
Ex situ conservation involves protecting species in their natural environment.
Conservation strategies are unnecessary for ecosystem balance.
Habitat destruction is a conservation strategy.
1

In situ conservation protects species in their natural habitats through national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and biosphere reserves.

According to Robert May's estimate, the global number of species is about:

2 million
5 million
7 million
10 million
3

Robert May estimated that the global species diversity is about 7 million, whereas only about 1.5–1.8 million species have been described.

India's share of global species diversity is approximately:

2.4%
8.1%
10.5%
12.7%
2

India accounts for about 8.1% of the world's described species and is one of the 12 mega-diverse countries.

Which of the following ecosystems has the highest biodiversity?

Deserts
Tundra
Tropical rainforests
Polar ice caps
3

Tropical rainforests exhibit the highest biodiversity because of their stable climate and high solar energy availability.

Which type of conservation effort involves preserving biodiversity outside natural habitats?

In situ conservation
Ex situ conservation
Ecosystem-based conservation
Natural selection
2

Ex situ conservation protects threatened plants and animals outside their natural habitats through zoological parks, botanical gardens, seed banks, and similar methods.

Cryopreservation is carried out by storing biological material in:

Liquid nitrogen at −196°C
Dry ice at −78°C
A refrigerator at 4°C
A deep freezer at −20°C
1

Gametes, spores, and seeds can be preserved in liquid nitrogen at −196°C by cryopreservation.

Which of the following statements about extinction is true?

Extinction rates are decreasing due to conservation efforts.
The current extinction rate is 100–1000 times higher than natural rates.
Only large animals are facing extinction threats.
Extinction events have never occurred in Earth's history.
2

The present extinction rate is estimated to be 100–1000 times higher than the natural extinction rate because of human activities.

Which of the following is a correct statement about habitat loss?

Habitat loss and fragmentation are major causes of biodiversity loss.
Habitat loss has no impact on biodiversity.
Only marine species are affected by habitat destruction.
Protected areas contribute to habitat destruction.
1

Habitat loss and fragmentation are the most important causes of biodiversity loss because they reduce and isolate natural habitats.

Which of the following is a correct statement about biodiversity hotspots?

They have a high number of endemic species and are under constant threat.
They are areas with low species diversity.
They are found only in polar regions.
They do not require conservation efforts.
1

Biodiversity hotspots are regions rich in endemic species that face a high degree of habitat loss and therefore require priority conservation.

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