Biodiversity & Conservation Chapter-Wise Test 9

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which factor is primarily responsible for the high biodiversity of the Amazon rainforest?

Frequent seasonal changes
Long evolutionary time and stable environment
Low competition among species
Limited solar energy availability
2

According to NCERT, tropical rainforests such as the Amazon have high biodiversity because they have had a long evolutionary history, a relatively stable climate, and high solar energy availability.

Who proposed the species-area relationship described in NCERT?

Charles Darwin
Alexander von Humboldt
Robert May
Edward O. Wilson
2

Alexander von Humboldt observed that within a region, species richness increases with increasing explored area, but only up to a limit.

Which region in India is NOT part of the country's biodiversity hotspots?

Western Ghats
Himalaya
Indo-Burma
Thar Desert
4

The Thar Desert is not included among the biodiversity hotspots associated with India. The major hotspots include the Himalaya, Indo-Burma, Western Ghats–Sri Lanka, and Sundaland (Nicobar Islands).

Which of the following statements about in situ conservation is incorrect?

It involves protecting species in their natural habitats.
National parks and wildlife sanctuaries are examples of in situ conservation.
Zoos and botanical gardens are part of in situ conservation.
Biosphere reserves help in in situ conservation.
3

Zoos and botanical gardens are examples of ex situ conservation because they conserve organisms outside their natural habitats.

Which of the following statements about biodiversity hotspots is correct?

Biodiversity hotspots have high species richness and endemism.
Biodiversity hotspots have low conservation value.
All ecosystems on Earth are biodiversity hotspots.
Biodiversity hotspots are found only in temperate regions.
1

Biodiversity hotspots are regions rich in endemic species that have experienced extensive habitat loss and are therefore priorities for conservation.

Which of the following statements about endemic species is incorrect?

Endemic species are found only in a specific geographic region.
Endemic species are widespread across multiple continents.
Many endemic species are at risk of extinction due to habitat loss.
The Western Ghats have a high number of endemic species.
2

Endemic species are restricted to a particular geographical region and are often more vulnerable to extinction.

Which of the following organisms is generally most vulnerable to extinction?

Generalist species
Species with small population sizes
Species with high reproductive rates
Species adapted to diverse habitats
2

Species with small populations are more vulnerable because they are more susceptible to habitat loss, environmental changes, and genetic problems.

According to Robert May's estimate cited in NCERT, the total global species diversity is approximately:

1.8 million
3 million
7 million
15 million
3

Robert May estimated that Earth harbours about 7 million species, although only about 1.7–1.8 million have been identified and described.

Which of the following statements about alien species invasions is incorrect?

Alien species may outcompete native species.
Alien species invasions are one of the major causes of biodiversity loss.
Alien species always increase biodiversity.
Some introduced alien species have driven native species to extinction.
3

According to NCERT, alien species invasions are one of the major causes of biodiversity loss because invasive species can eliminate native species.

What is meant by co-extinction?

Simultaneous extinction of all species in an ecosystem
Extinction of one species following the extinction of another species on which it depends
Extinction caused only by climate change
Extinction of species due to overexploitation alone
2

Co-extinction occurs when the extinction of one species leads to the extinction of another species that is closely associated with it, such as a host and its parasite or a plant and its pollinator.

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