Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Chapter-Wise Test 10

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following is an advantage of PCR over traditional cloning methods?

It requires living cells
It amplifies DNA within hours
It does not require a DNA template
It does not use enzymes
2

PCR is a rapid method that can amplify DNA sequences within hours, unlike traditional cloning, which takes days or weeks.

Which enzyme is used in PCR to amplify DNA?

Ligase
Reverse transcriptase
Taq polymerase
DNA helicase
3

Taq polymerase is a thermostable DNA polymerase used in PCR to amplify DNA sequences.

Which of the following statements about selectable markers is correct?

Selectable markers help identify transformed cells.
Selectable markers are not necessary in cloning experiments.
Selectable markers prevent plasmid replication.
Selectable markers degrade recombinant DNA.
1

Selectable markers, such as antibiotic resistance genes, help in identifying and selecting recombinant cells.

Which of the following statements about gel electrophoresis is incorrect?

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on size.
Smaller DNA fragments move faster than larger ones.
DNA moves toward the negative electrode during electrophoresis.
Gel electrophoresis requires an electric field.
3

DNA is negatively charged and moves toward the positive electrode (anode) in gel electrophoresis.

What is the primary purpose of a bioreactor in industrial biotechnology?

To amplify DNA sequences
To create recombinant DNA
To provide optimal conditions for microbial growth and product formation
To separate DNA fragments
3

A bioreactor maintains optimal conditions such as pH, temperature, and aeration for large-scale microbial or cell culture growth.

Which of the following statements about polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is correct?

PCR is used to amplify DNA sequences.
PCR does not require primers.
PCR uses RNA as a template.
PCR does not require thermostable DNA polymerase.
1

PCR is a widely used technique to amplify specific DNA sequences using primers and thermostable DNA polymerase.

Which type of enzyme seals the DNA fragments after cutting?

DNA helicase
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
Exonuclease
3

DNA ligase joins the cut DNA fragments by forming phosphodiester bonds between them.

Which technique is used to separate proteins based on their size during downstream processing?

Agarose gel electrophoresis
SDS-PAGE
Northern blotting
PCR
2

SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) is used to separate proteins based on their molecular weight.

Which of the following statements about palindromic sequences in DNA is correct?

They are recognized by DNA polymerase
They are used for DNA ligation
They are the recognition sites for restriction enzymes
They are found only in bacterial genomes
3

Palindromic sequences in DNA serve as recognition sites for restriction enzymes, which cut at specific points within these sequences.

Which of the following statements about gel electrophoresis is incorrect?

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on size.
DNA moves toward the negative electrode.
Smaller DNA fragments migrate faster than larger ones.
Agarose gel electrophoresis is commonly used for DNA separation.
2

DNA is negatively charged and moves toward the positive electrode (anode) in gel electrophoresis, not the negative electrode.

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