Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Chapter-Wise Test 11

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following statements about restriction enzymes is FALSE?

They recognize specific DNA sequences
They cut DNA at recognition sites
They always produce sticky ends
They are derived from bacteria
3

Not all restriction enzymes produce sticky ends; some create blunt ends when cutting DNA.

Which of the following statements about recombinant DNA technology is incorrect?

It allows foreign genes to be inserted into host cells.
It is used to produce genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
It does not require restriction enzymes.
It enables the production of recombinant proteins.
3

Restriction enzymes are essential in recombinant DNA technology for cutting DNA at specific sites.

Which feature allows restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific sites?

Sticky ends
Palindromic sequences
Ligase activity
Telomeric regions
2

Restriction enzymes recognize specific palindromic sequences in DNA and cut at those sites.

Which of the following is an essential requirement for cloning genes into a plasmid vector?

Presence of origin of replication
Lack of restriction sites
No selectable markers
No replication inside host cells
1

A cloning vector must have an origin of replication (ori) to ensure it can replicate independently inside the host cell.

Why are thermostable enzymes used in PCR?

To increase mutation rates
To withstand high temperatures during DNA denaturation
To degrade RNA in the sample
To act as restriction enzymes
2

Thermostable enzymes, such as Taq polymerase, are used in PCR because they remain active during high-temperature DNA denaturation.

Which of the following statements about DNA ligase is correct?

DNA ligase joins DNA fragments by forming phosphodiester bonds.
DNA ligase cuts DNA at specific recognition sites.
DNA ligase is only used in RNA synthesis.
DNA ligase prevents DNA replication.
1

DNA ligase forms phosphodiester bonds between DNA fragments, sealing nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone.

Which of the following statements about polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is incorrect?

PCR amplifies specific DNA sequences.
PCR requires DNA polymerase, primers, and nucleotides.
PCR does not involve temperature cycling.
PCR is widely used in forensic science.
3

PCR involves temperature cycling, including denaturation, annealing, and extension steps.

Which of the following components is essential for polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

DNA ligase
Taq polymerase
EcoRI enzyme
DNA helicase
2

Taq polymerase is a thermostable enzyme used to amplify DNA sequences during PCR.

Which of the following statements about polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is incorrect?

PCR amplifies specific DNA sequences.
PCR requires DNA polymerase, primers, and nucleotides.
PCR does not involve temperature cycling.
PCR is widely used in forensic science.
3

PCR involves temperature cycling, including denaturation, annealing, and extension steps.

Which of the following statements about genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is incorrect?

GMOs are created using recombinant DNA technology.
GMOs can be used to produce pharmaceuticals.
GMOs have no applications in medicine.
GMOs can be used in agriculture to improve crop yield.
3

GMOs have significant applications in medicine, including the production of insulin, vaccines, and other therapeutic proteins.

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