Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Chapter-Wise Test 16

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following steps in recombinant DNA technology comes first?

Insertion of recombinant DNA into the host
Isolation of desired DNA
Amplification using PCR
Screening of recombinant cells
2

The first step in recombinant DNA technology is isolating the desired DNA, which is then cut, inserted into a vector, and introduced into a host.

What is the significance of the recognition site in restriction enzymes?

It is the site where DNA replication starts
It allows restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific sequences
It prevents DNA degradation
It helps in unwinding the DNA strands
2

Recognition sites are specific sequences in DNA where restriction enzymes bind and cut, enabling precise genetic engineering.

Which type of restriction enzyme cuts DNA within a specific recognition site?

Exonuclease
Endonuclease
Polymerase
Ligase
2

Endonucleases, such as restriction enzymes, cut DNA at specific recognition sequences, making them useful in genetic engineering.

Which of the following best describes the term "transformation" in genetic engineering?

Uptake of foreign DNA by a bacterial cell
Mutation of DNA sequences
Translation of mRNA into protein
Transcription of DNA into RNA
1

Transformation refers to the process by which bacterial cells take up foreign DNA from their surroundings.

Which of the following statements about Southern blotting is correct?

Southern blotting is used to detect specific DNA sequences.
Southern blotting is used to amplify DNA sequences.
Southern blotting does not require gel electrophoresis.
Southern blotting is used to study protein expression.
1

Southern blotting is a technique used to detect specific DNA sequences in a sample.

Which of the following statements about cloning vectors is correct?

Cloning vectors contain an origin of replication.
Cloning vectors cannot carry foreign DNA.
Cloning vectors cannot replicate inside host cells.
Cloning vectors must not contain selectable markers.
1

Cloning vectors must contain an origin of replication to allow independent replication inside a host cell.

Which of the following statements about polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is incorrect?

PCR amplifies DNA sequences exponentially.
PCR requires thermostable DNA polymerase.
PCR does not require primers.
PCR involves cycles of denaturation, annealing, and extension.
3

PCR requires primers to define the specific DNA region to be amplified.

Which of the following is used to make host cells competent for transformation?

Heating at 100°C
Treatment with calcium chloride
Addition of DNA ligase
Use of restriction enzymes
2

Calcium chloride increases the permeability of bacterial cell membranes, making them competent for DNA uptake.

Which of the following statements about restriction enzymes is incorrect?

Restriction enzymes are derived from bacteria.
Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific sequences.
All restriction enzymes produce sticky ends.
Restriction enzymes recognize palindromic sequences.
3

Not all restriction enzymes produce sticky ends; some generate blunt ends when cutting DNA.

Which of the following statements about restriction enzymes is FALSE?

They recognize specific DNA sequences
They cut DNA at recognition sites
They always produce sticky ends
They are derived from bacteria
3

Some restriction enzymes produce blunt ends instead of sticky ends when cutting DNA.

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