Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Chapter-Wise Test 17

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which process is used to transfer recombinant DNA into bacterial cells?

Electrophoresis
Transformation
Replication
Southern blotting
2

Transformation is the process by which recombinant DNA is introduced into bacterial cells.

Which of the following techniques is used to separate DNA fragments after restriction digestion?

Southern blotting
Gel electrophoresis
Western blotting
PCR
2

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on size, allowing for further analysis or cloning.

Which of the following statements about selectable markers is correct?

Selectable markers help in identifying transformed cells.
Selectable markers are not required in genetic engineering.
Selectable markers prevent DNA replication.
Selectable markers function only in eukaryotic cells.
1

Selectable markers, such as antibiotic resistance genes, help identify transformed cells by allowing only recombinant cells to survive.

Which of the following statements about recombinant DNA technology is correct?

Recombinant DNA technology allows foreign genes to be inserted into host cells.
Recombinant DNA technology does not require ligases.
Recombinant DNA is always unstable and degrades quickly.
Recombinant DNA technology cannot be used for medical applications.
1

Recombinant DNA technology enables the insertion of foreign genes into host cells for genetic engineering and medical applications.

Which of the following statements about gel electrophoresis is correct?

Smaller DNA fragments migrate faster than larger fragments.
DNA fragments move toward the negative electrode.
All DNA fragments move at the same speed.
Agarose gel electrophoresis is used to separate proteins.
1

Smaller DNA fragments migrate faster through the gel than larger fragments due to their lower resistance.

Which enzyme is responsible for cutting DNA at specific recognition sites?

DNA ligase
Restriction endonuclease
DNA polymerase
Reverse transcriptase
2

Restriction endonucleases recognize specific palindromic sequences and cut DNA at those sites, facilitating genetic modifications.

What is the primary function of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

To cut DNA at specific sites
To amplify DNA sequences
To insert DNA into host cells
To synthesize proteins
2

PCR is used to amplify specific DNA sequences, generating multiple copies for analysis or cloning.

Which enzyme is used to produce sticky ends in a DNA fragment?

DNA ligase
Reverse transcriptase
Restriction endonuclease
Helicase
3

Restriction endonucleases cut DNA at specific sequences, generating sticky ends for recombination.

Which feature allows plasmids to be used as vectors in genetic engineering?

They are single-stranded
They integrate into the host genome
They replicate independently
They always carry antibiotic resistance genes
3

Plasmids are widely used as vectors because they replicate independently of the host chromosome, allowing gene cloning.

Which of the following serves as a molecular carrier for gene transfer in bacteria?

Ribosome
Plasmid
Histones
mRNA
2

Plasmids are extra-chromosomal DNA molecules used as vectors to carry and transfer genes in bacteria.

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