Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Chapter-Wise Test 18

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following enzymes is used to cut DNA at specific recognition sites?

Ligase
Polymerase
Endonuclease
Exonuclease
3

Endonucleases, such as restriction enzymes, cut DNA at specific sequences, facilitating genetic modifications.

Which of the following is required for a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to proceed?

RNA polymerase
Taq polymerase
Restriction enzymes
DNA ligase
2

Taq polymerase, a thermostable enzyme, is essential for PCR as it can withstand high temperatures during DNA amplification.

Which of the following statements about the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is correct?

PCR amplifies specific DNA sequences.
PCR does not require primers.
PCR is performed at a constant temperature.
PCR cannot be used in forensic science.
1

PCR is used to amplify specific DNA sequences using primers, temperature cycles, and thermostable DNA polymerase.

Which term is used for the ability of a plasmid to replicate independently inside a host cell?

Transformation
Conjugation
Autonomous replication
Transduction
3

Autonomous replication refers to the ability of a plasmid to replicate independently of the host chromosome.

Which of the following is NOT a method of gene transfer?

Microinjection
Biolistics
Heat shock transformation
Electrophoresis
4

Electrophoresis is used for DNA separation, not gene transfer. Microinjection, biolistics, and heat shock transformation are gene transfer methods.

Which of the following statements about plasmids is correct?

Plasmids are extra-chromosomal DNA molecules.
Plasmids cannot replicate independently inside a host cell.
Plasmids are always linear in structure.
Plasmids cannot be used as vectors in genetic engineering.
1

Plasmids are small, circular, extra-chromosomal DNA molecules that can replicate independently and are commonly used as cloning vectors.

Which of the following is an example of a selectable marker used in recombinant DNA technology?

Ori site
Antibiotic resistance gene
Promoter region
Shine-Dalgarno sequence
2

Antibiotic resistance genes help in selecting transformed cells by allowing only recombinant cells to survive in antibiotic-containing media.

Which of the following statements about plasmids is correct?

They are linear DNA fragments.
They replicate independently of the bacterial chromosome.
They cannot be used as vectors in genetic engineering.
They are part of the bacterial chromosome.
2

Plasmids are extra-chromosomal, circular DNA molecules that replicate independently and are commonly used as vectors.

Which organism’s enzyme is used in PCR for DNA amplification?

Escherichia coli
Thermus aquaticus
Salmonella typhimurium
Bacillus thuringiensis
2

The Taq polymerase enzyme used in PCR is derived from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus.

What is the function of a multiple cloning site (MCS) in a vector?

To promote transcription
To provide multiple recognition sites for restriction enzymes
To facilitate DNA polymerase binding
To act as a selectable marker
2

A multiple cloning site (MCS) contains recognition sites for several restriction enzymes, making it easier to insert foreign DNA.

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