Biotechnology and Its Applications
Test 4

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which bacterium produces Bt toxin used in GM crops?

Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus thuringiensis
Clostridium botulinum
Pseudomonas fluorescens
2

Bacillus thuringiensis produces Bt toxin, which is used in GM crops to kill insect pests.

Which technology allows the mass production of therapeutic drugs using genetically modified organisms?

Tissue culture
Recombinant DNA technology
Somatic hybridization
Gene mapping
2

Recombinant DNA technology is used for mass production of therapeutic drugs by genetically modifying organisms.

What is the main reason for developing transgenic animals?

To enhance animal breeding
To study gene function and disease
To increase milk production
To produce fertilizers
2

Transgenic animals are developed to study gene function and to model human diseases for research.

Which technique allows the fusion of two plant protoplasts to form a somatic hybrid?

Micropropagation
Tissue culture
Somatic hybridization
Gene cloning
3

Somatic hybridization allows the fusion of two plant protoplasts to form a somatic hybrid.

Which vector is commonly used for introducing nematode-specific genes into host plants?

Plasmid
Agrobacterium vector
Phage vector
Retrovirus vector
2

Agrobacterium vectors are commonly used to introduce nematode-specific genes into host plants for pest resistance.

Which term refers to the transfer of genetic material from one organism to another?

Transduction
Transformation
Conjugation
Recombination
2

Transformation refers to the transfer of genetic material from one organism to another, especially in genetic engineering.

Which technique is used to detect specific DNA sequences using radioactive probes?

PCR
ELISA
Autoradiography
Northern blotting
3

Autoradiography is used to detect specific DNA sequences by hybridizing them with radioactive probes.

Which of the following is incorrect about Bt toxin?

Bt toxin is derived from Bacillus thuringiensis.
Bt toxin is harmful to all living organisms.
Bt toxin is activated in the alkaline gut of insect larvae.
Bt toxin genes are introduced into crops for pest resistance.
2

Bt toxin is specific to insect larvae and is not harmful to all living organisms.

Which of the following is correct about recombinant human insulin production?

Insulin is produced by genetically modified E. coli bacteria.
Insulin is produced by hybridizing plant and animal cells.
Insulin is synthesized using chemical reactions only.
Insulin production does not involve any genetic engineering.
1

Recombinant human insulin is produced by genetically modified E. coli bacteria using gene cloning techniques.

Which of the following is correct about restriction enzymes?

Restriction enzymes are used to join DNA fragments.
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
Restriction enzymes synthesize DNA molecules.
Restriction enzymes degrade mRNA molecules.
2

Restriction enzymes act as molecular scissors, cutting DNA at specific recognition sequences, crucial for recombinant DNA technology.

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