Biotechnology and its Applications Chapter-Wise Test 8

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which enzyme is used as a marker in molecular biology techniques like ELISA?

DNA polymerase
Reverse transcriptase
Alkaline phosphatase
Ligase
3

Alkaline phosphatase is commonly used as an enzyme marker in ELISA to detect antigens or antibodies.

What is the key feature of transgenic animals used in vaccine testing?

Enhanced growth rates
High disease resistance
Increased sensitivity to pathogens
Ability to produce antibiotics
3

Transgenic animals are designed to have increased sensitivity to pathogens, making them useful for vaccine testing.

Which of the following is correct about restriction enzymes?

Restriction enzymes join DNA fragments during cloning.
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific recognition sites.
Restriction enzymes are used for protein synthesis.
Restriction enzymes degrade RNA molecules in cells.
2

Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific recognition sites, which is essential in genetic engineering and cloning.

Which of the following is correct about the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?

PCR is used to synthesize proteins from DNA.
PCR amplifies specific DNA sequences through repeated cycles.
PCR does not require a DNA template.
PCR is unrelated to molecular diagnostics.
2

PCR amplifies specific DNA sequences through repeated cycles of denaturation, annealing, and extension.

Which enzyme is used to join DNA fragments during recombinant DNA formation?

DNA polymerase
Ligase
Endonuclease
Reverse transcriptase
2

DNA ligase is used to join DNA fragments during recombinant DNA formation by forming phosphodiester bonds.

Which biotechnological technique was developed when traditional breeding methods were insufficient?

Tissue culture
Hybridization
Cloning
Gene editing
1

Tissue culture was developed as a biotechnological technique when traditional breeding methods could not meet the demand for crop improvement.

Which of the following is correct about gene therapy?

Gene therapy is used to replace defective genes with functional ones.
Gene therapy is used to amplify proteins in cells.
Gene therapy is unrelated to genetic disorders.
Gene therapy inhibits DNA synthesis.
1

Gene therapy is used to replace defective genes with functional ones to treat genetic disorders.

Which product of transgenic animals is used for treating phenylketonuria (PKU)?

Human insulin
Human growth hormone
Phenylalanine hydroxylase
Alpha-1-antitrypsin
3

Transgenic animals are being explored for producing phenylalanine hydroxylase to treat PKU.

What is the primary purpose of molecular diagnostics in disease management?

Crop improvement
Early detection of diseases
Production of transgenic animals
Enhancing drug metabolism
2

Molecular diagnostics enable early detection and management of diseases by identifying pathogens or genetic mutations.

Which of the following statements is incorrect about PCR?

PCR is used for amplifying DNA sequences.
PCR requires DNA polymerase enzyme.
PCR is used for detecting proteins in a sample.
PCR involves cycles of denaturation, annealing, and extension.
3

PCR is used to amplify DNA sequences, not for detecting proteins. ELISA is used for protein detection.

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