Body Fluids and Circulation
Test 4

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

What is the normal blood pressure of a healthy adult?

90/60 mmHg
100/70 mmHg
120/80 mmHg
140/90 mmHg
3

Normal blood pressure is considered to be **120/80 mmHg**.

Which of the following hormones increases heart rate?

Insulin
Glucagon
Adrenaline
Thyroxine
3

Adrenaline (epinephrine) is a stress hormone that increases heart rate and cardiac output.

Which part of the brain regulates heart rate?

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla oblongata
Thalamus
3

The medulla oblongata regulates heart rate by controlling autonomic nervous system signals.

Which of the following statements about blood is incorrect?

Blood is a type of connective tissue.
Blood transports hormones and waste products.
Blood has a pH range of 5.0 to 6.0.
Blood helps in temperature regulation.
3

The normal pH range of human blood is **7.35 to 7.45**, making it slightly alkaline.

Which of the following is correct about blood flow in the heart?

The left ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary artery.
The right atrium receives blood from the pulmonary veins.
The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
The right ventricle pumps blood into the aorta.
3

The **left atrium receives oxygenated blood** from the **pulmonary veins**, which carry blood from the lungs.

Which of the following statements about blood is incorrect?

Blood is a type of connective tissue.
Blood helps in the regulation of body temperature.
Blood is primarily composed of water, proteins, and formed elements.
Blood does not transport hormones.
4

Blood **does transport hormones**, along with gases, nutrients, and waste products.

Which of the following statements about lymph is incorrect?

Lymph is derived from interstitial fluid.
Lymph carries oxygen and nutrients to tissues.
Lymph plays a role in immunity.
Lymph drains into the venous system.
2

**Lymph does not transport oxygen**; it primarily carries **white blood cells and immune cells**.

Which type of blood vessel has the thickest muscular walls?

Capillaries
Veins
Arteries
Venules
3

Arteries have thick muscular walls to withstand high blood pressure from the heart.

Which of the following blood vessels carries deoxygenated blood in the systemic circulation?

Pulmonary vein
Aorta
Vena cava
Pulmonary artery
3

The vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the body back to the right atrium of the heart.

Which of the following is incorrect regarding cardiac output?

It is the amount of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute.
It is calculated as stroke volume × heart rate.
An average human has a cardiac output of about 5 liters per minute.
Cardiac output remains constant under all conditions.
4

Cardiac output **varies** depending on physical activity, stress, and health conditions.

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