Breathing and Exchange of Gases Chapter-Wise Test 11

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which component of blood is responsible for the majority of oxygen transport?

Plasma
Leukocytes
Hemoglobin in RBCs
Platelets
3

Hemoglobin in red blood cells (RBCs) binds oxygen for transport, carrying approximately 97% of total oxygen.

What is the function of the pleural membranes?

They enhance gas exchange.
They reduce friction between the lungs and thoracic cavity.
They produce surfactant for alveoli.
They regulate oxygen concentration in the lungs.
2

The pleural membranes surround the lungs and reduce friction during breathing by secreting pleural fluid.

Which of the following statements about the diffusion membrane in alveoli is incorrect?

It consists of three layers.
It has a thickness of more than 1 mm.
It includes alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium.
It facilitates oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
2

The diffusion membrane in alveoli is much thinner than 1 mm, allowing efficient gas exchange.

Which of the following statements about respiratory disorders is correct?

Asthma is caused by bacterial infection.
Silicosis is an occupational disease caused by long-term exposure to silica dust.
Pneumonia is a genetic disorder.
Emphysema is a temporary respiratory disorder.
2

Silicosis is a chronic occupational lung disease caused by prolonged exposure to silica dust.

Which of the following has the highest solubility in blood?

Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
Argon
3

Carbon dioxide is 20-25 times more soluble in blood than oxygen, making it easier to transport.

What is the role of carbonic anhydrase in respiration?

It transports oxygen in the blood.
It facilitates the conversion of CO₂ to bicarbonate ions.
It regulates lung expansion.
It enhances oxygen binding with hemoglobin.
2

Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, which then dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions.

Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for sound production?

Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
2

The larynx, also known as the voice box, contains vocal cords responsible for sound production.

Which of the following statements regarding pulmonary ventilation is incorrect?

Inspiration occurs due to the contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles.
Expiration is always an active process.
Lung expansion occurs when thoracic volume increases.
During expiration, the intrapulmonary pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure.
2

Normal expiration is a passive process, not an active one. It occurs due to the relaxation of respiratory muscles.

Which condition is caused by the inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles leading to difficulty in breathing?

Emphysema
Pneumonia
Asthma
Silicosis
3

Asthma is a respiratory disorder caused by the inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles, leading to difficulty in breathing and wheezing.

Which gas is the primary stimulus for respiration in humans?

Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
Argon
3

Carbon dioxide is the primary stimulus for respiration as it affects blood pH and triggers the respiratory center in the medulla.

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