Breathing and Exchange of Gases Chapter-Wise Test 8

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following occurs during expiration?

Diaphragm contracts
Thoracic volume increases
Pulmonary pressure decreases
Intercostal muscles relax
4

During expiration, the intercostal muscles relax, reducing thoracic volume and increasing pulmonary pressure, leading to air expulsion.

Which structure in the human respiratory system acts as a protective barrier against foreign particles?

Alveoli
Epiglottis
Nasal chamber
Diaphragm
3

The nasal chamber filters out dust, microbes, and other foreign particles from inhaled air before it reaches the lungs.

Which respiratory volume remains in the lungs even after a forceful expiration?

Tidal Volume
Residual Volume
Vital Capacity
Expiratory Reserve Volume
2

Residual volume is the amount of air remaining in the lungs even after a forceful expiration, preventing lung collapse.

Which structure prevents the collapse of the trachea during breathing?

Smooth muscles
Alveoli
Cartilaginous rings
Pleural fluid
3

The trachea is supported by incomplete cartilaginous rings that prevent its collapse during breathing.

Which structure prevents the collapse of alveoli by reducing surface tension?

Pleural membrane
Surfactant
Cartilaginous rings
Mucous lining
2

Surfactant is a lipoprotein secreted by alveolar cells to reduce surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse.

Which of the following statements about the nasal cavity is correct?

It helps in warming, humidifying, and filtering incoming air.
It prevents the passage of air into the trachea.
It is directly connected to the alveoli.
It plays no role in respiration.
1

The nasal cavity warms, humidifies, and filters air before it enters the lower respiratory tract.

Which structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

Pleura
Diaphragm
Intercostal muscles
Trachea
2

The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and plays a key role in respiration.

Which factor promotes the dissociation of oxyhemoglobin at the tissues?

High pO₂
Low pCO₂
High H⁺ concentration
Low temperature
3

A high H⁺ concentration (low pH) in the tissues promotes the dissociation of oxyhemoglobin, facilitating oxygen release.

What is the approximate number of breaths per minute in a healthy adult?

5-8
12-16
20-25
30-35
2

A healthy adult breathes approximately 12-16 times per minute under normal conditions.

Which muscle plays a primary role in increasing the thoracic cavity volume during inspiration?

Diaphragm
Abdominal muscles
Intercostal muscles
Sternocleidomastoid
1

The diaphragm contracts and moves downward during inspiration, increasing thoracic cavity volume.

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