Chemical Coordination and Integration
Test 1

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which hormone deficiency causes Addison’s disease?

Insulin
Aldosterone
Cortisol
Both Aldosterone and Cortisol
4

Addison’s disease occurs due to the deficiency of both aldosterone and cortisol, which are secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the placenta during pregnancy?

Progesterone
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Testosterone
Glucagon
2

hCG is secreted by the placenta during pregnancy and helps maintain the corpus luteum to sustain progesterone production.

Which hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland and promotes the production of milk?

Oxytocin
Prolactin
Estrogen
FSH
2

Prolactin, secreted by the anterior pituitary, stimulates milk production in the mammary glands.

Which of the following statements about insulin is incorrect?

Insulin lowers blood glucose levels.
Insulin is secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas.
Insulin promotes glucose uptake by cells.
Insulin deficiency leads to diabetes mellitus.
2

Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas, not the alpha cells. Alpha cells secrete glucagon.

Which of the following statements about oxytocin is correct?

Oxytocin is secreted by the anterior pituitary.
Oxytocin helps in milk ejection.
Oxytocin inhibits uterine contractions.
Oxytocin lowers blood pressure.
2

Oxytocin, secreted by the posterior pituitary, stimulates uterine contractions and helps in milk ejection during breastfeeding.

Which of the following statements about the endocrine system is incorrect?

Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream.
Hormones act on specific target cells with receptors for them.
Hormones are always secreted in large amounts.
The endocrine system works with the nervous system to regulate body functions.
3

Hormones are secreted in small amounts, but they have significant physiological effects.

Which of the following glands is referred to as the "master gland" in the human endocrine system?

Thyroid gland
Pituitary gland
Adrenal gland
Pancreas
2

The pituitary gland is called the "master gland" as it controls the functions of other endocrine glands by releasing various hormones.

Which hormone is called the "stress hormone" because it helps the body respond to long-term stress?

Adrenaline
Cortisol
Glucagon
Vasopressin
2

Cortisol, secreted by the adrenal cortex, helps the body cope with prolonged stress by increasing glucose metabolism.

Which gland is known as the "third eye" due to its role in regulating circadian rhythms?

Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Pineal gland
Thymus
3

The pineal gland is referred to as the "third eye" because it regulates sleep-wake cycles by secreting melatonin.

Which hormone stimulates the development of female secondary sexual characteristics?

Testosterone
Estrogen
Progesterone
Prolactin
2

Estrogen, secreted by the ovaries, is responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics.

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