Evolution Chapter-Wise Test 12

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following best describes the Hardy-Weinberg Principle?

It explains natural selection in populations.
It describes allele frequency stability in a population.
It proposes evolution through genetic drift.
It explains speciation through adaptive radiation.
2

The Hardy-Weinberg Principle describes the stability of allele frequencies in a population in the absence of evolutionary forces.

Which of the following describes a situation where a small population becomes isolated and forms a new species?

Adaptive Radiation
Founder Effect
Stabilizing Selection
Gene Flow
2

The Founder Effect describes how a small isolated population can give rise to a new species due to genetic drift.

What is the primary function of the ozone layer in the evolution of life on Earth?

Providing oxygen for respiration
Blocking harmful UV radiation
Acting as a source of nitrogen
Facilitating water cycle
2

The ozone layer protects life by blocking harmful UV radiation, which was crucial for the evolution of terrestrial life.

Which of the following is incorrect?

Paleontology provides evidence for evolutionary history through fossils.
Genetic drift has a greater impact on small populations.
Lamarck’s theory is based on natural selection.
Mutation introduces genetic variation in populations.
3

Lamarck’s theory proposed the inheritance of acquired traits, not natural selection.

Which organism serves as an example of a living fossil, showing little evolutionary change over millions of years?

Ichthyosaur
Coelacanth
Tyrannosaurus
Archaeopteryx
2

Coelacanth is considered a living fossil, showing little evolutionary change over millions of years.

Which evolutionary force introduces new genetic variations through changes in DNA sequences?

Gene Flow
Natural Selection
Mutation
Genetic Drift
3

Mutation introduces new genetic variations by altering DNA sequences.

Which period marked the widespread presence of giant ferns that later formed coal deposits?

Carboniferous
Triassic
Permian
Jurassic
1

The Carboniferous period saw widespread giant ferns, whose remains eventually formed coal deposits.

Which of the following is incorrect?

Darwin’s finches illustrate adaptive radiation.
Mutation is the only factor influencing genetic variation.
Gene flow introduces new alleles into a population.
Industrial melanism is an example of natural selection.
2

Mutation is not the only factor influencing genetic variation; recombination, gene flow, and genetic drift also contribute.

Which principle states that allele frequencies remain constant in a population over generations in the absence of evolutionary forces?

Lamarck’s Theory
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Darwin’s Natural Selection
Mutation Theory
2

The Hardy-Weinberg Principle states that allele frequencies remain stable unless affected by evolutionary forces like mutation or selection.

Which of the following is incorrect?

Lamarck’s theory suggested that acquired traits are inherited.
Coelacanth is a fossil showing evolutionary transition from fish to amphibians.
Adaptive radiation is also known as speciation.
Mutation always leads to harmful effects in populations.
4

Mutations can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral depending on the environmental context and genetic impact.

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