Evolution
Test 4

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following is correct?

Coelacanth is an extinct species of lobefin fish.
Homo erectus was the first hominid to use tools.
The ozone layer allowed terrestrial life to thrive.
Darwin’s theory of evolution is based on inheritance of acquired traits.
3

The formation of the ozone layer protected life from harmful UV radiation, allowing terrestrial life to thrive.

Which of the following is incorrect?

Mutation can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral.
Adaptive radiation leads to species diversification from a common ancestor.
Paleontology is the study of evolutionary relationships through DNA analysis.
Homo erectus is known for using fire and tools.
3

Paleontology studies fossils, not DNA analysis, which is the focus of molecular biology.

Which theory explains the origin of the universe as a massive explosion?

Steady State Theory
Big Bang Theory
Panspermia
Chemical Evolution Theory
2

The Big Bang Theory describes the origin of the universe through a massive explosion, leading to the formation of galaxies, stars, and planets.

Which method is commonly used to determine the age of fossils?

Carbon Dating
Radioactive Dating
Electron Microscopy
Spectrophotometry
2

Radioactive dating is used to determine the age of fossils by measuring the decay of radioactive isotopes.

Which ancient primate is considered more man-like in its features?

Dryopithecus
Ramapithecus
Australopithecus
Homo habilis
2

Ramapithecus is considered more man-like compared to Dryopithecus, an ape-like primate.

Which type of selection favors one extreme phenotype over the average and the other extreme?

Stabilizing Selection
Directional Selection
Disruptive Selection
Artificial Selection
2

Directional selection favors one extreme phenotype, leading to a shift in the population’s trait distribution.

Which of the following statements is correct?

The primitive atmosphere of Earth contained abundant oxygen.
The first life forms were autotrophic in nature.
Miller’s experiment provided evidence for the formation of organic molecules under primitive Earth conditions.
Homo sapiens appeared before Homo erectus in human evolution.
3

Miller’s experiment simulated early Earth conditions and resulted in the formation of organic molecules, supporting chemical evolution.

Which of the following is correct?

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium describes continuous changes in allele frequencies.
Panspermia proposes that life originated from chemical evolution on Earth.
Homo erectus used fire and tools in early human history.
Analogous organs indicate common ancestry.
3

Homo erectus is known for using fire and tools, marking a significant step in human evolution.

Which factor disrupts Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by introducing new genes into a population?

Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Natural Selection
Mutation
2

Gene flow, or migration of individuals, introduces new genes and disrupts Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Which of the following is incorrect?

Homologous organs provide evidence of common ancestry.
Gene flow reduces genetic differences between populations.
Industrial melanism is an example of genetic drift.
Chemical evolution refers to the formation of organic molecules from inorganic precursors.
3

Industrial melanism is an example of natural selection, not genetic drift.

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