Excretory Products and Their Elimination Chapter-Wise Test 13

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which statement about aldosterone is incorrect?

Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption.
Aldosterone decreases potassium excretion.
Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal cortex.
Aldosterone helps regulate blood pressure.
2

Aldosterone increases potassium excretion, not decreases it.

Which of the following conditions is associated with an absence of ADH?

Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes insipidus
Glomerulonephritis
Uremia
2

Diabetes insipidus is caused by a deficiency of ADH, leading to excessive urine output and dehydration.

Which hormone regulates water reabsorption in the kidney?

Aldosterone
Insulin
ADH (Vasopressin)
Thyroxine
3

ADH (Vasopressin) increases water reabsorption in the kidney tubules to reduce water loss.

Which structure in the nephron is responsible for selective reabsorption of sodium and water under hormonal influence?

Bowman’s capsule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Proximal convoluted tubule
3

The distal convoluted tubule reabsorbs sodium and water under the influence of aldosterone and ADH.

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding urine formation?

Filtration occurs at the glomerulus.
Reabsorption takes place in the proximal convoluted tubule.
Secretion occurs in the collecting duct.
Loop of Henle plays a role in urine concentration.
3

Secretion occurs in the distal convoluted tubule and proximal convoluted tubule, not in the collecting duct.

Which of the following statements about kidney function is correct?

The kidney helps regulate blood pressure by secreting insulin.
The kidney plays no role in electrolyte balance.
The kidney maintains acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions.
The kidney directly produces red blood cells.
3

The kidney regulates acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate ions.

Which of the following statements about kidney function is incorrect?

The kidney regulates blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin system.
The kidney maintains acid-base balance by secreting hydrogen ions.
The kidney produces bile to aid digestion.
The kidney excretes metabolic wastes such as urea and creatinine.
3

The liver, not the kidney, produces bile to aid digestion.

Which of the following excretory structures is found in annelids like earthworms?

Flame cells
Nephridia
Malpighian tubules
Green glands
2

Nephridia are the excretory structures in annelids like earthworms, responsible for the removal of nitrogenous waste.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidney?

Excretion of nitrogenous waste
Regulation of blood pressure
Secretion of digestive enzymes
Maintenance of acid-base balance
3

The kidney does not secrete digestive enzymes; it primarily functions in excretion, osmoregulation, and blood pressure regulation.

Which hormone is secreted by the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) in response to low blood pressure?

ADH
Renin
Aldosterone
Insulin
2

The JGA secretes renin in response to low blood pressure, which activates the renin-angiotensin mechanism to increase blood pressure.

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