Excretory Products and Their Elimination Chapter-Wise Test 15

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

The afferent arteriole in the nephron carries blood:

Away from the glomerulus
To the glomerulus
To the renal pelvis
To the urinary bladder
2

The afferent arteriole carries blood into the glomerulus for filtration.

Which statement about urine composition is incorrect?

Urine contains urea, creatinine, and uric acid.
Urine normally contains glucose in high amounts.
Urine pH is slightly acidic.
Urine composition varies based on diet and hydration levels.
2

In healthy individuals, glucose is completely reabsorbed and does not appear in urine.

Which of the following statements about the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) is incorrect?

JGA regulates blood pressure by secreting renin.
JGA is located near the afferent arteriole and distal convoluted tubule.
JGA increases renin secretion when blood pressure is high.
JGA helps regulate glomerular filtration rate.
3

The juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes renin in response to low blood pressure, not high blood pressure.

Which of the following statements about nephron function is correct?

The glomerular filtrate contains blood cells and proteins.
The Loop of Henle is responsible for the ultrafiltration process.
The distal convoluted tubule actively secretes potassium and hydrogen ions.
The collecting duct is involved in glucose reabsorption.
3

The distal convoluted tubule plays a role in acid-base balance by actively secreting potassium and hydrogen ions.

Which of the following statements about urine formation is incorrect?

Filtration occurs at the glomerulus.
Reabsorption of glucose occurs in the collecting duct.
The Loop of Henle helps concentrate urine.
Secretion of ions occurs in the distal convoluted tubule.
2

Reabsorption of glucose occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule, not the collecting duct.

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Uric acid is the primary nitrogenous waste in humans.
Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the kidney.
ADH helps in water retention in the collecting ducts.
Juxtaglomerular apparatus regulates blood pressure.
1

Humans primarily excrete urea as their nitrogenous waste, not uric acid.

Which part of the nephron is responsible for the bulk reabsorption of water and solutes?

Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct
3

The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is responsible for the bulk reabsorption of water, glucose, amino acids, and ions.

Which of the following statements about urine composition is incorrect?

Urine contains urea, creatinine, and uric acid.
Urine normally contains glucose in high concentrations.
Urine pH is slightly acidic.
Urine composition varies based on hydration and diet.
2

In healthy individuals, glucose is completely reabsorbed and is not present in urine under normal conditions.

Which of the following components is NOT normally present in urine under normal conditions?

Urea
Glucose
Creatinine
Uric acid
2

Glucose is normally reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule and is absent in the urine under normal conditions.

Which of the following plays a major role in urine concentration?

Bowman’s capsule
Loop of Henle
Proximal convoluted tubule
Glomerulus
2

The Loop of Henle helps concentrate urine by creating an osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.

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