Excretory Products and Their Elimination Chapter-Wise Test 18

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following statements about urea excretion is incorrect?

Urea is a nitrogenous waste product formed from protein metabolism.
Urea is reabsorbed completely by the nephron.
The liver converts ammonia into urea.
Ureotelic animals excrete urea as the primary nitrogenous waste.
2

Urea is only partially reabsorbed by the nephron; most of it is excreted in urine.

Which statement about urea excretion is incorrect?

Urea is produced in the liver from ammonia.
Urea is completely reabsorbed in the nephron.
Ureotelic organisms excrete urea as their main nitrogenous waste.
Urea is partially reabsorbed in the nephron.
2

Urea is only partially reabsorbed; most of it is excreted in urine.

Which of the following statements regarding nephron function is incorrect?

The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs glucose and amino acids.
The Loop of Henle plays no role in water conservation.
The distal convoluted tubule is involved in ion exchange.
The collecting duct adjusts water reabsorption under the influence of ADH.
2

The Loop of Henle plays a crucial role in water conservation by creating an osmotic gradient.

Which of the following is incorrect about excretion in humans?

The skin excretes small amounts of urea and salts through sweat.
The liver plays a role in the excretion of bile pigments.
The lungs excrete nitrogenous waste.
The kidneys filter metabolic waste from the blood.
3

The lungs primarily excrete carbon dioxide, not nitrogenous waste.

Which of the following excretory organs is responsible for osmoregulation in earthworms?

Flame cells
Nephridia
Malpighian tubules
Green glands
2

Nephridia in earthworms help in the removal of nitrogenous waste and play a role in osmoregulation.

The counter-current mechanism in the kidney functions primarily to:

Increase blood pressure
Conserve glucose
Concentrate urine
Regulate acid-base balance
3

The counter-current mechanism involving the Loop of Henle and vasa recta helps in concentrating urine by maintaining an osmolarity gradient.

Which organ plays a role in detoxification and excretion of bilirubin?

Kidney
Liver
Lungs
Skin
2

The liver detoxifies substances and excretes bilirubin as bile pigments.

Which of the following statements about ADH is incorrect?

ADH increases water permeability of the collecting ducts.
ADH is secreted in response to low blood volume.
ADH promotes sodium excretion in urine.
ADH plays a role in water retention in the kidney.
3

ADH does not promote sodium excretion; it regulates water reabsorption to prevent dehydration.

The descending limb of Henle’s loop is:

Permeable to water, impermeable to electrolytes
Impermeable to water, permeable to electrolytes
Permeable to both water and electrolytes
Impermeable to both water and electrolytes
1

The descending limb of Henle’s loop allows water reabsorption but is impermeable to electrolytes.

Which of the following statements about nitrogenous waste excretion is incorrect?

Ammonia is excreted by ammonotelic organisms.
Uric acid is highly toxic and water-soluble.
Ureotelic organisms excrete urea as their primary nitrogenous waste.
Humans are ureotelic organisms.
2

Uric acid is the least toxic nitrogenous waste and is excreted in a water-insoluble form.

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