Excretory Products and Their Elimination Chapter-Wise Test 19

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous waste product?

Ammonia
Urea
Uric acid
Bilirubin
4

Bilirubin is a bile pigment derived from hemoglobin breakdown, not a nitrogenous waste.

What is the role of the renal corpuscle?

Reabsorption of glucose
Ultrafiltration of blood
Formation of concentrated urine
Secretion of ammonia
2

The renal corpuscle (Bowman’s capsule + glomerulus) is responsible for ultrafiltration of blood.

Which of the following statements about the function of the kidney is correct?

The kidney filters waste from the blood and maintains osmotic balance.
The kidney produces bile for digestion.
The kidney is responsible for the digestion of proteins.
The kidney secretes insulin for glucose regulation.
1

The kidney is responsible for filtering waste, maintaining osmotic balance, and regulating blood pressure.

Which of the following statements about kidney function is correct?

The kidneys regulate blood pH by excreting hydrogen ions.
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the liver.
Urine is directly filtered into the ureter from the glomerulus.
Afferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus.
1

The kidneys regulate blood pH by selectively excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate ions.

Which of the following is an incorrect statement about kidney function?

The kidney helps maintain osmotic balance.
The kidney produces bile for digestion.
The kidney helps regulate blood pressure through renin secretion.
Nephrons filter waste from the blood.
2

The liver, not the kidney, produces bile for digestion.

Which statement about aldosterone is incorrect?

Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the nephron.
Aldosterone promotes potassium excretion.
Aldosterone is secreted by the pituitary gland.
Aldosterone helps regulate blood pressure.
3

Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal glands, not the pituitary gland.

Which statement about renal circulation is incorrect?

The afferent arteriole supplies blood to the glomerulus.
The efferent arteriole carries filtered blood away from the glomerulus.
The renal vein carries oxygenated blood from the kidney.
Peritubular capillaries are involved in reabsorption.
3

The renal vein carries deoxygenated but filtered blood away from the kidney.

Which of the following is the primary function of the glomerulus?

Reabsorption
Secretion
Filtration
Excretion
3

The glomerulus performs ultrafiltration, removing waste and excess substances from the blood into the Bowman’s capsule.

What is the role of the collecting duct in urine formation?

Ultrafiltration
Selective glucose reabsorption
Urine concentration
Secretion of renin
3

The collecting duct plays a major role in concentrating urine by reabsorbing water under the influence of ADH.

Which of the following statements about urine formation is incorrect?

Filtration occurs in the glomerulus.
Reabsorption of essential nutrients occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule.
Urine is concentrated mainly in the distal convoluted tubule.
Secretion of ions occurs in the distal convoluted tubule.
3

Urine concentration primarily occurs in the Loop of Henle and collecting ducts, not in the distal convoluted tubule.

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