Excretory Products and Their Elimination Chapter-Wise Test 6

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

What is the function of the renal corpuscle?

Reabsorption of glucose
Ultrafiltration of blood
Formation of concentrated urine
Secretion of ammonia
2

The renal corpuscle (Bowman’s capsule + glomerulus) is responsible for ultrafiltration of blood.

Which statement about renal circulation is incorrect?

The afferent arteriole carries blood into the glomerulus.
The efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus.
The renal vein carries oxygenated blood from the kidney.
Peritubular capillaries are involved in reabsorption.
3

The renal vein carries deoxygenated but filtered blood away from the kidney, not oxygenated blood.

Which part of the nephron is impermeable to water but allows active transport of ions?

Proximal convoluted tubule
Descending limb of Henle’s loop
Ascending limb of Henle’s loop
Collecting duct
3

The ascending limb of Henle’s loop is impermeable to water but actively transports ions to maintain osmolarity.

Which of the following statements about urine composition is incorrect?

Urine contains urea, creatinine, and uric acid.
Urine normally contains a high concentration of proteins.
Urine pH is slightly acidic.
Urine composition varies based on hydration and diet.
2

Normally, proteins are too large to pass through the filtration barrier and are not present in urine.

Which of the following statements about the nephron is correct?

The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the liver.
The glomerulus is responsible for filtration of blood.
The Loop of Henle is involved in glucose reabsorption.
The collecting duct is the primary site of filtration.
2

The glomerulus performs ultrafiltration, removing waste and excess substances from the blood.

Which of the following statements about renal circulation is incorrect?

The afferent arteriole carries blood into the glomerulus.
The efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus.
The renal vein carries oxygenated blood from the kidney.
Peritubular capillaries are involved in reabsorption.
3

The renal vein carries deoxygenated but filtered blood away from the kidney, not oxygenated blood.

Which of the following statements about the role of ADH in water balance is correct?

ADH increases water permeability of the collecting ducts.
ADH decreases water reabsorption in the nephron.
ADH is secreted by the adrenal cortex.
ADH promotes sodium excretion in urine.
1

ADH increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water, allowing more water reabsorption.

Which of the following statements regarding urine concentration is incorrect?

The Loop of Henle plays a crucial role in urine concentration.
ADH increases water permeability of the collecting ducts.
Aldosterone directly controls urine concentration by absorbing water.
The medullary gradient is essential for urine concentration.
3

Aldosterone primarily regulates sodium reabsorption, while ADH controls water reabsorption.

Which of the following conditions is characterized by the absence of ADH?

Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes insipidus
Glomerulonephritis
Uremia
2

Diabetes insipidus is caused by a deficiency of ADH, leading to excessive urine output and dehydration.

Which waste product is excreted in the urine due to muscle metabolism?

Uric acid
Ammonia
Creatinine
Bilirubin
3

Creatinine is a waste product formed from muscle metabolism and is excreted through urine.

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