Excretory Products and Their Elimination Chapter-Wise Test 7

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which organ is involved in both excretion and osmoregulation?

Liver
Lungs
Kidney
Pancreas
3

The kidney performs both excretion (removal of nitrogenous wastes) and osmoregulation (regulation of water and electrolyte balance).

Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for the concentration of urine?

Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Bowman’s capsule
2

The Loop of Henle plays a key role in concentrating urine by establishing an osmotic gradient.

What is the function of vasa recta?

Ultrafiltration
Counter-current exchange
Active reabsorption of glucose
Transport of urine
2

Vasa recta maintains the counter-current mechanism by exchanging solutes with Henle’s loop.

Which structure in the kidney is involved in maintaining blood pressure?

Bowman’s capsule
Loop of Henle
Juxta Glomerular Apparatus (JGA)
Proximal convoluted tubule
3

The JGA releases renin, which helps regulate blood pressure by activating the renin-angiotensin mechanism.

Which of the following statements about the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is correct?

The PCT is responsible for the filtration of blood.
The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, and sodium ions.
The PCT plays no role in urine formation.
The PCT is located after the collecting duct.
2

The PCT reabsorbs essential nutrients like glucose, amino acids, and sodium ions from the filtrate.

Which of the following structures is responsible for the secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions in the nephron?

Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Glomerulus
3

The distal convoluted tubule (DCT) plays a key role in the secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions to maintain electrolyte balance.

Which excretory organ is found in crustaceans like prawns?

Nephridia
Flame cells
Antennal glands
Malpighian tubules
3

Crustaceans, like prawns, excrete wastes through antennal (or green) glands.

Which of the following statements about aldosterone is incorrect?

Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption.
Aldosterone promotes potassium excretion.
Aldosterone is secreted by the pituitary gland.
Aldosterone helps regulate blood pressure.
3

Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal glands, not the pituitary gland.

Which of the following is the primary function of the glomerulus?

Reabsorption
Secretion
Filtration
Excretion
3

The glomerulus performs ultrafiltration, removing waste and excess substances from the blood into the Bowman’s capsule.

Which of the following statements about urine composition is incorrect?

Urine contains urea, uric acid, and creatinine.
Glucose is normally present in urine.
Urine pH is slightly acidic.
Urine composition varies based on diet and hydration levels.
2

In healthy individuals, glucose is completely reabsorbed and is not present in urine.

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