Excretory Products and Their Elimination Chapter-Wise Test 9

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which part of the nephron is the site for facultative water reabsorption?

Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct
4

The collecting duct is the site for facultative water reabsorption, regulated by ADH.

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Uric acid is the primary nitrogenous waste in humans.
Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the kidney.
ADH helps in water retention in the collecting ducts.
Juxtaglomerular apparatus regulates blood pressure.
1

Humans primarily excrete urea as their nitrogenous waste, not uric acid.

Which of the following statements regarding urine formation is correct?

Filtration occurs in the distal convoluted tubule.
Reabsorption occurs only in the collecting duct.
Secretion occurs in the proximal and distal convoluted tubules.
The Loop of Henle plays no role in urine formation.
3

Secretion of ions and waste products occurs in both the proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

Which of the following statements about glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is correct?

GFR is primarily regulated by the liver.
GFR is affected by blood pressure in the glomerulus.
A decrease in blood pressure increases GFR.
GFR remains constant under all conditions.
2

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is influenced by blood pressure in the glomerulus.

Which of the following statements about nephron function is correct?

Glucose is primarily reabsorbed in the collecting duct.
The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs most of the essential nutrients.
The Loop of Henle plays no role in water conservation.
Filtration occurs at the distal convoluted tubule.
2

The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs essential nutrients like glucose, amino acids, and sodium ions.

Which of the following statements about counter-current mechanisms is incorrect?

Counter-current exchange occurs in the Loop of Henle.
Counter-current exchange maintains the medullary gradient.
Counter-current exchange plays no role in water conservation.
The vasa recta helps in counter-current exchange.
3

The counter-current mechanism is essential for water conservation by creating an osmotic gradient in the kidney.

Which of the following excretory structures is present in Platyhelminthes (flatworms)?

Nephridia
Malpighian tubules
Flame cells
Green glands
3

Flame cells are the excretory structures in Platyhelminthes, helping in osmoregulation.

Which process is responsible for the removal of hydrogen ions, potassium ions, and ammonia from the blood into the nephron?

Glomerular filtration
Reabsorption
Tubular secretion
Counter-current mechanism
3

Tubular secretion helps remove hydrogen ions, potassium ions, and ammonia from the blood, playing a crucial role in maintaining acid-base balance.

Which statement about the Loop of Henle is incorrect?

The descending limb is permeable to water but impermeable to solutes.
The ascending limb actively transports sodium and chloride ions.
The Loop of Henle plays no role in urine concentration.
The Loop of Henle contributes to the counter-current mechanism.
3

The Loop of Henle is essential for urine concentration and maintaining an osmotic gradient.

What is the main nitrogenous waste product excreted by humans?

Ammonia
Uric acid
Urea
Creatinine
3

Humans are ureotelic, meaning they primarily excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of urea.

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