Human Health and Diseases
Test 3

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which cells act as the first line of defense in innate immunity?

B-lymphocytes
T-lymphocytes
Macrophages
Mast cells
3

Macrophages are phagocytic cells that act as the first line of defense in innate immunity by engulfing pathogens.

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ?

Spleen
Lymph nodes
Thymus
Tonsils
3

The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ where T-lymphocytes mature before they enter circulation.

Which of the following is the primary function of the spleen in the immune system?

Production of antibodies
Filtration of blood and removal of old RBCs
Synthesis of clotting factors
Storage of calcium
2

The spleen filters blood, removes old red blood cells, and contains immune cells that help fight infections.

Which of the following is an example of a secondary lymphoid organ?

Thymus
Bone marrow
Spleen
Liver
3

The spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ where immune cells interact with antigens.

Which type of immunity is acquired after recovering from a disease?

Innate immunity
Active acquired immunity
Passive immunity
Artificial immunity
2

Active acquired immunity develops when the body produces antibodies and memory cells after recovering from an infection.

Which of the following statements about phagocytosis is correct?

Phagocytosis is the process by which immune cells engulf and digest pathogens.
Only B-lymphocytes perform phagocytosis.
Phagocytosis occurs exclusively in the lymphatic system.
Phagocytosis is a function of red blood cells.
1

Phagocytosis is the process by which immune cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils, engulf and digest pathogens.

Which of the following statements about antibodies is correct?

Antibodies are produced by T-lymphocytes.
Plasma cells secrete antibodies.
Antibodies directly kill pathogens.
Antibodies are part of the innate immune system.
2

Plasma cells, which are differentiated B-lymphocytes, secrete antibodies to help neutralize pathogens.

Which of the following statements about natural killer (NK) cells is correct?

NK cells are a type of T-lymphocyte.
NK cells play a role in innate immunity.
NK cells produce antibodies.
NK cells only target extracellular bacteria.
2

Natural killer (NK) cells are part of the innate immune system and help eliminate virus-infected and cancerous cells.

Which disease is caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica?

Malaria
Amoebiasis
Ringworm
Filariasis
2

Amoebiasis, also known as amoebic dysentery, is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite.

Which toxic substance in tobacco is responsible for an increased risk of lung cancer?

Ethanol
Nicotine
Tar
Morphine
3

Tar, a component of tobacco smoke, contains carcinogenic substances that increase the risk of lung cancer.

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