Human Health and Diseases
Test 6

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which class of drugs is used as a depressant and acts on the central nervous system?

Opioids
Cocaine
Amphetamines
Cannabinoids
1

Opioids act as depressants on the central nervous system and slow down body functions.

Which type of vaccine contains inactivated or killed pathogens?

Live attenuated vaccine
Toxoid vaccine
Killed vaccine
Recombinant vaccine
3

Killed vaccines contain inactivated pathogens that stimulate an immune response without causing disease.

Which immune cells play a major role in graft rejection?

B-cells
T-cytotoxic cells
Neutrophils
Basophils
2

T-cytotoxic cells recognize and destroy foreign graft cells, leading to graft rejection.

Which type of cells produce antibodies?

T-lymphocytes
B-lymphocytes
Macrophages
Neutrophils
2

B-lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells, which produce antibodies.

Which immune component provides the first line of defense against infections?

Antibodies
Macrophages
Skin and mucous membranes
Cytotoxic T-cells
3

The skin and mucous membranes act as physical barriers and provide the first line of defense against infections.

Which of the following statements about antibiotics is incorrect?

Antibiotics are effective against bacterial infections.
Antibiotics can kill viruses.
Overuse of antibiotics can lead to resistance.
Antibiotics work by inhibiting bacterial growth or killing bacteria.
2

Antibiotics are not effective against viruses; they only target bacterial infections.

Which of the following statements about interferons is correct?

Interferons help in defending against viral infections.
Interferons directly kill bacteria.
Interferons are a type of immunoglobulin.
Interferons are produced only in bacterial infections.
1

Interferons are signaling proteins produced by virus-infected cells to help protect neighboring cells from viral infection.

Which of the following statements about T-helper cells is incorrect?

T-helper cells assist in activating B-lymphocytes.
T-helper cells secrete cytokines to regulate immune responses.
T-helper cells directly kill infected cells.
T-helper cells play a role in adaptive immunity.
3

T-helper cells do not directly kill infected cells; they assist by activating B-cells and other immune responses.

Which of the following statements about histamine is incorrect?

Histamine is released by mast cells.
Histamine causes inflammation and allergic responses.
Histamine reduces inflammation.
Histamine causes vasodilation.
3

Histamine does not reduce inflammation; instead, it promotes inflammation and allergic responses.

What is the causative agent of the common cold?

Influenza virus
Rhinovirus
Coronavirus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
2

The common cold is primarily caused by rhinoviruses, which infect the nose and respiratory passage.

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