Microbes in Human Welfare Chapter-Wise Test 19

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following statements about antibiotics is incorrect?

Streptomycin is produced by Streptomyces.
Penicillin was the first antibiotic discovered.
Erythromycin is obtained from fungi.
Antibiotics are ineffective against viruses.
3

Erythromycin is produced by the bacterium *Saccharopolyspora erythraea*, not fungi.

Which type of bacteria is responsible for the anaerobic digestion of sludge in sewage treatment plants?

Methanogenic bacteria
Nitrifying bacteria
Denitrifying bacteria
Cyanobacteria
1

Methanogenic bacteria help in the anaerobic digestion of sludge, producing methane gas as a byproduct.

Which microbial enzyme is used in fruit juice clarification?

Protease
Lipase
Pectinase
Amylase
3

Pectinase breaks down pectin, making fruit juices clearer.

Which of the following statements regarding Bt toxin is incorrect?

Bt toxin is produced by Bacillus thuringiensis.
Bt toxin remains active inside bacterial cells.
Bt crops are genetically modified to produce Bt toxin.
Bt toxin becomes active in the alkaline gut of insects.
2

Bacillus thuringiensis produces Bt toxin in an inactive form, which becomes active in the insect gut.

Which of the following is a fungal biofertilizer that forms a symbiotic association with plant roots?

Rhizobium
Trichoderma
Glomus
Azospirillum
3

Glomus forms mycorrhizal associations with plant roots and enhances phosphorus absorption.

Which microbial product is used in detergents to break down stains?

Streptokinase
Pectinase
Lipase
Protease
3

Lipases help break down oily stains and are used in detergents.

Which bacterial enzyme is used as a 'clot buster' in the treatment of myocardial infarction?

Lipase
Streptokinase
Protease
Amylase
2

Streptokinase, derived from Streptococcus bacteria, helps dissolve blood clots.

Which type of microorganism helps in the production of methane in biogas plants?

Methanogenic bacteria
Lactic acid bacteria
Fungi
Protozoa
1

Methanogenic bacteria like Methanobacterium break down organic matter to produce methane gas.

Which of the following microbes is used in the industrial production of ethanol?

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Lactobacillus
Clostridium
Pseudomonas
1

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) is used to ferment sugars into ethanol.

Which enzyme is commonly used in the clarification of fruit juices?

Lipase
Pectinase
Protease
Amylase
2

Pectinase breaks down pectin, which helps clarify fruit juices and make them more transparent.

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