Molecular Basis of Inheritance Chapter-Wise Test 10

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which type of bond stabilizes the two strands of the DNA double helix?

Phosphodiester bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Ionic bonds
Covalent bonds
2

Hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs stabilize the DNA double helix.

Which of the following occurs first in eukaryotic gene expression?

Splicing
Polyadenylation
Transcription
Translation
3

Transcription is the first step in gene expression, producing pre-mRNA, which undergoes processing before translation.

Which of the following is a correct statement about post-translational modifications?

Post-translational modifications occur in the nucleus.
Post-translational modifications include phosphorylation and glycosylation.
Post-translational modifications do not affect protein function.
Post-translational modifications involve the removal of introns.
2

Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and glycosylation modify proteins after translation to regulate their function.

Which of the following best describes the function of enhancers?

They initiate translation
They prevent transcription
They increase the rate of transcription
They act as stop codons
3

Enhancers are DNA sequences that increase the rate of transcription by interacting with transcription factors.

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for synthesizing the lagging strand during DNA replication?

DNA polymerase I
DNA polymerase III
Ligase
Primase
2

DNA polymerase III synthesizes the lagging strand in short Okazaki fragments during DNA replication.

Which of the following correctly describes a silent mutation?

It introduces a premature stop codon.
It does not change the amino acid sequence.
It results in a frameshift mutation.
It always affects protein function.
2

A silent mutation does not change the amino acid sequence due to the redundancy of the genetic code.

Which of the following best describes the function of a promoter?

It binds the ribosome to initiate translation
It regulates DNA replication
It acts as the binding site for RNA polymerase
It terminates transcription
3

The promoter is a DNA sequence that binds RNA polymerase to initiate transcription.

Which of the following is NOT involved in prokaryotic transcription?

Sigma factor
RNA polymerase
Introns
Promoter
3

Prokaryotic genes lack introns, as prokaryotic mRNA does not undergo splicing.

What is the role of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotic translation?

Marks the stop codon
Aids in ribosome binding to mRNA
Facilitates exon splicing
Initiates transcription
2

The Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotes helps the ribosome bind to the mRNA for translation initiation.

Which component of the DNA structure is responsible for storing genetic information?

Sugar-phosphate backbone
Nitrogenous bases
Hydrogen bonds
Phosphodiester bonds
2

The sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA encodes genetic information, directing the synthesis of proteins.

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