Molecular Basis of Inheritance Chapter-Wise Test 11

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following correctly describes an operon?

An operon consists of multiple genes controlled by separate promoters.
Operons are commonly found in eukaryotic cells.
An operon is a cluster of genes regulated by a single promoter.
Operons do not require regulatory elements.
3

An operon is a cluster of genes regulated by a single promoter, commonly found in prokaryotic cells.

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic transcription is incorrect?

Prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm.
Prokaryotic RNA polymerase requires a sigma factor for initiation.
Prokaryotic mRNA undergoes extensive post-transcriptional modifications.
Transcription and translation occur simultaneously in prokaryotes.
3

Prokaryotic mRNA does not undergo extensive post-transcriptional modifications such as splicing, unlike eukaryotic mRNA.

Which of the following correctly describes the Shine-Dalgarno sequence?

It is a promoter sequence.
It helps in prokaryotic translation initiation.
It is found only in eukaryotic mRNA.
It signals termination of transcription.
2

The Shine-Dalgarno sequence helps in prokaryotic translation initiation by aligning the ribosome with the start codon.

What is the role of UTRs (Untranslated Regions) in mRNA?

They encode proteins
They regulate translation and mRNA stability
They facilitate DNA replication
They bind to tRNA
2

UTRs (Untranslated Regions) do not encode proteins but regulate translation efficiency and mRNA stability.

Which of the following statements about DNA polymerase is incorrect?

DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
DNA polymerase removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA.
DNA polymerase unwinds the DNA double helix.
Different types of DNA polymerases exist with specialized functions.
3

DNA polymerase does not unwind the DNA helix; helicase is responsible for this function.

Which of the following is a function of the poly-A tail in eukaryotic mRNA?

Initiates translation
Protects mRNA from degradation
Facilitates splicing
Activates RNA polymerase
2

The poly-A tail protects eukaryotic mRNA from degradation and aids in translation efficiency.

Which of the following is incorrect about DNA replication?

DNA replication is semi-conservative.
DNA polymerase synthesizes DNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
Both DNA strands are synthesized continuously.
Okazaki fragments are formed on the lagging strand.
3

DNA replication is not fully continuous; the lagging strand is synthesized in fragments called Okazaki fragments.

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is correct?

The genetic code is ambiguous.
Each amino acid is coded by only one codon.
The genetic code is universal across most organisms.
Stop codons code for amino acids.
3

The genetic code is universal, meaning it is the same across most organisms.

Which term describes the process of inserting foreign DNA into a host organism using a vector?

Gene therapy
Recombinant DNA technology
Mutation
Genetic drift
2

Recombinant DNA technology involves inserting foreign DNA into a host using a vector for genetic modification.

Which of the following is correct about mRNA?

mRNA is double-stranded.
mRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome.
mRNA carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes.
mRNA is a component of ribosomes.
3

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

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