Plant Growth and Development
Test 1

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following statements about plant growth is correct?

Growth is a reversible increase in size.
Growth is a permanent and irreversible increase in size.
Growth in plants occurs only during the seedling stage.
All plant cells continue to grow indefinitely.
2

Growth in plants is defined as an irreversible permanent increase in size of an organ, part, or cell.

Which meristem is responsible for the increase in girth of dicotyledonous plants?

Apical meristem
Intercalary meristem
Lateral meristem
None of the above
3

Lateral meristem, such as vascular cambium and cork cambium, is responsible for secondary growth, increasing the girth of dicot plants.

Which phase of growth is characterized by active cell division?

Maturation phase
Elongation phase
Meristematic phase
Senescence phase
3

The meristematic phase involves continuous cell division, leading to growth.

Which of the following statements about plant growth is correct?

Growth is a reversible increase in size.
Plant growth is always determinate.
Meristematic tissues are responsible for growth.
Growth in plants does not require energy.
3

Meristematic tissues are the sites of active cell division, contributing to plant growth. Growth is irreversible and can be indeterminate in plants.

Which of the following statements about plant hormones is incorrect?

Auxin promotes cell elongation.
Gibberellins induce seed dormancy.
Cytokinins promote cell division.
Ethylene promotes fruit ripening.
2

Gibberellins break seed dormancy; they do not induce it. Abscisic acid (ABA) induces seed dormancy.

Which statement regarding phases of growth is correct?

The meristematic phase has actively dividing cells.
Elongation phase occurs only in roots.
Maturation phase cells have thin walls.
Lag phase shows rapid cell division.
1

The meristematic phase consists of actively dividing cells with prominent nuclei. Elongation occurs in both roots and shoots, and maturation cells develop thick walls.

Which type of growth curve is typically observed in plants?

Linear
Sigmoid
Exponential
Logarithmic
2

The sigmoid growth curve consists of the lag phase, log phase, and stationary phase, representing plant growth over time.

What is the primary site of auxin synthesis in plants?

Root tip
Shoot apical meristem
Mature leaves
Xylem
2

Auxins are primarily synthesized in the shoot apical meristem and transported to other parts of the plant.

Which plant hormone is used to induce fruit ripening?

Cytokinin
Gibberellin
Ethylene
Abscisic acid
3

Ethylene is a gaseous hormone that promotes fruit ripening.

Which of the following about dedifferentiation is correct?

Dedifferentiation leads to loss of cell function.
Xylem vessels can undergo dedifferentiation.
Dedifferentiation results in the formation of meristematic tissues.
Dedifferentiation is a permanent process.
3

Dedifferentiation is when specialized cells regain their ability to divide and become meristematic tissue. Xylem vessels cannot dedifferentiate.

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