The Living World Chapter-Wise Test 23

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

A researcher proposes a scientific name for a specimen without first determining exactly which organism the name represents. Which essential process has been omitted?

Placement of the organism directly in a kingdom
Classification according to its economic use
Study of its geographical distribution alone
Identification through correct description of the organism
4

Nomenclature is possible only when an organism has been correctly described and the organism to which the name is attached is known. This process is identification.

Two groups of organisms show fundamental similarities, but consistent morphological differences distinguish one group from the other. How should the groups be treated?

As two closely related species
As one species because they show fundamental similarities
As members of different kingdoms
As organisms that cannot belong to the same genus
1

A species is a group of individual organisms with fundamental similarities. Distinct morphological differences are used to distinguish one closely related species from another.

A biologist characterises an organism, establishes its identity, assigns it a scientific name and places it in appropriate categories. Which field includes all these processes?

Nomenclature alone
Taxonomy
Identification alone
Classification based only on use
2

Characterisation, identification, classification and nomenclature are the basic processes of taxonomy.

A specimen is identified as Musca domestica. Which additional classification should be recorded for it?

Family Hominidae and order Primata
Family Poaceae and order Poales
Family Muscidae and order Diptera
Family Felidae and order Carnivora
3

Musca domestica is the housefly. It belongs to the genus Musca, family Muscidae and order Diptera.

A researcher identifies organisms, assigns scientific names, classifies them and examines their evolutionary relationships. Which field describes the complete investigation?

Nomenclature alone
Identification alone
Classification based only on economic use
Systematics
4

Systematics includes identification, nomenclature and classification and also considers evolutionary relationships among organisms.

A community groups organisms according to whether they provide food, clothing or shelter. Which historical approach does this resemble?

The earliest classification based on the uses of organisms
Classification based on evolutionary relationships
Classification based on scientific names
Classification based only on taxonomic rank
1

The earliest classifications were based on the usefulness of organisms to humans, particularly as sources of food, clothing and shelter.

A taxonomist moves successively from species to genus, family, order and kingdom. Which change should be expected?

The categories become narrower and include fewer organisms.
The categories become broader and the number of shared characteristics decreases.
The number of shared characteristics increases at every higher rank.
Relationships among organisms become easier to determine at higher ranks.
2

As one moves from species towards kingdom, the categories become broader and include more organisms, while the number of common characteristics decreases.

A taxonomist groups the genera Panthera and Felis together because they share several common characters. Which category has been formed?

Order Carnivora
Class Mammalia
Family Felidae
Phylum Chordata
3

A family contains related genera. The genera Panthera and Felis are included in the family Felidae.

A botanist has correctly identified a new plant and now needs internationally accepted principles for assigning its scientific name. Which code should be consulted?

International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
International Union for Conservation of Nature
World Health Organization
International Code for Botanical Nomenclature
4

The International Code for Botanical Nomenclature provides agreed principles and criteria for assigning scientific names to plants.

A taxonomist is comparing several newly discovered organisms. Which set of evidence is appropriate for a modern taxonomic study?

Only local names and economic uses
External and internal structure, cell structure, development and ecological information
Only external colour and body size
Only habitat and geographical location
2

Modern taxonomic studies use external and internal structure, cell structure, developmental processes and ecological information.

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