Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Chapter-Wise Test 12

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

What is the product when 3-methylbutan-2-one reacts with \( \ce{NaBH4} \)?

\( \ce{NaBH4} \) reduces 3-methylbutan-2-one (\( \ce{CH3COCH(CH3)2} \)) to 3-methylbutan-2-ol (\( \ce{CH3CH(OH)CH(CH3)2} \)), a secondary alcohol.

3-Methylbutane
2-Methylpropan-2-ol
3-Methylbutan-2-ol
3-Methylbutanal
3

Arrange in increasing order of reactivity towards HCN: Acetone, Acetaldehyde, Di-tert-butyl ketone.

Reactivity decreases with steric hindrance. Di-tert-butyl ketone (bulky) < Acetone (less hindered) < Acetaldehyde (least hindered, aldehyde more reactive).

Acetaldehyde < Acetone < Di-tert-butyl ketone
Acetone < Di-tert-butyl ketone < Acetaldehyde
Di-tert-butyl ketone < Acetone < Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde < Di-tert-butyl ketone < Acetone
3

Which ketone produces a six-carbon hydrocarbon upon Wolff-Kishner reduction?

Wolff-Kishner reduction of hexan-3-one (\( \ce{CH3CH2COCH2CH2CH3} \)) yields hexane (\( \ce{CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3} \)), a six-carbon hydrocarbon.

Pentan-2-one
Butan-2-one
Acetophenone
Hexan-3-one
4

Which compound evolves \( \ce{CO2} \) when its calcium salt is heated with calcium methanoate?

Pentanoic acid (\( \ce{CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH} \)) forms calcium pentanoate, which, when heated with calcium methanoate (\( \ce{(HCOO)2Ca} \)), yields pentanal (\( \ce{CH3CH2CH2CH2CHO} \)) and \( \ce{CO2} \).

Pentanoic acid
Pentanal
Pentan-2-one
Hexanoic acid
1

What gas is evolved when propanoic acid reacts with calcium hydroxide and is heated?

Heating calcium propanoate (\( \ce{(CH3CH2COO)2Ca} \)) forms pentan-3-one (\( \ce{CH3CH2COCH2CH3} \)) and releases \( \ce{CO2} \) as a byproduct.

\( \ce{CO2} \)
\( \ce{H2} \)
\( \ce{CH4} \)
\( \ce{CO} \)
1

What is the product when butan-2-one reacts with \( \ce{NaBH4} \)?

\( \ce{NaBH4} \) reduces ketones to secondary alcohols. Butan-2-one (\( \ce{CH3COCH2CH3} \)) forms butan-2-ol (\( \ce{CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3} \)).

Butane
Butan-1-ol
Butan-2-ol
Butanal
3

Arrange in decreasing order of reactivity towards nucleophilic addition: \( \ce{CH3CHO} \), \( \ce{C6H5CHO} \), \( \ce{CH3COCH3} \).

Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones due to less steric hindrance and greater electrophilicity: \( \ce{CH3CHO} \) > \( \ce{C6H5CHO} \) (aromatic, less reactive) > \( \ce{CH3COCH3} \).

\( \ce{CH3COCH3} \) > \( \ce{C6H5CHO} \) > \( \ce{CH3CHO} \)
\( \ce{C6H5CHO} \) > \( \ce{CH3CHO} \) > \( \ce{CH3COCH3} \)
\( \ce{CH3CHO} \) > \( \ce{CH3COCH3} \) > \( \ce{C6H5CHO} \)
\( \ce{CH3CHO} \) > \( \ce{C6H5CHO} \) > \( \ce{CH3COCH3} \)
4

What is the IUPAC name of \( \ce{CH3CH(CH3)COCH3} \)?

The longest chain with the ketone group has 4 carbons (butan-2-one), with a methyl group on C-3: 3-methylbutan-2-one.

3-Methylbutan-2-one
2-Methylbutan-3-one
Pentan-2-one
3-Methylpentan-2-one
1

Arrange in increasing order of acidity: \( \ce{CH3CH2CH2COOH} \), \( \ce{CH3CHClCOOH} \), \( \ce{CH3COOH} \).

Acidity increases with electron-withdrawing groups: \( \ce{CH3CH2CH2COOH} \) (alkyl) < \( \ce{CH3COOH} \) < \( \ce{CH3CHClCOOH} \) (Cl closer to COOH).

\( \ce{CH3CHClCOOH} \) < \( \ce{CH3COOH} \) < \( \ce{CH3CH2CH2COOH} \)
\( \ce{CH3COOH} \) < \( \ce{CH3CH2CH2COOH} \) < \( \ce{CH3CHClCOOH} \)
\( \ce{CH3CH2CH2COOH} \) < \( \ce{CH3COOH} \) < \( \ce{CH3CHClCOOH} \)
\( \ce{CH3CH2CH2COOH} \) < \( \ce{CH3CHClCOOH} \) < \( \ce{CH3COOH} \)
3

Which compound gives a positive 2,4-DNP test and forms a hydrocarbon with eight carbons upon Clemmensen reduction?

Heptan-2-one (\( \ce{CH3COCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3} \)) reacts with 2,4-DNP (ketone) and reduces to heptane (\( \ce{CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3} \)), an eight-carbon hydrocarbon.

Hexanal
Pentan-3-one
Butan-2-one
Heptan-2-one
4

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