Biomolecules Chapter-Wise Test 1

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which amino acid is essential and contains a branched side chain?

Valine is an essential amino acid with a branched side chain (-CH(CH₃)₂), required in the diet.

Glycine
Serine
Alanine
Valine
4

Which bond stabilizes the alpha-helix in proteins?

Hydrogen bonds between the -NH and -C=O groups of the peptide backbone stabilize the alpha-helix structure.

Disulfide bond
Hydrogen bond
Ionic bond
Peptide bond
2

Which nucleic acid delivers amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries specific amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

mRNA
rRNA
DNA
tRNA
4

Which bond links the phosphate groups in a nucleotide?

Phosphodiester bonds connect the phosphate group of one nucleotide to the sugar of the next, forming the nucleic acid backbone.

Hydrogen bond
Phosphodiester bond
Glycosidic bond
Peptide bond
2

What is the sugar component of a nucleotide?

Nucleotides contain a pentose sugar, either ribose (in RNA) or deoxyribose (in DNA).

Glucose
Fructose
Pentose
Hexose
3

Which monosaccharide has a molecular formula of \( \ce{C5H10O5} \)?

Ribose, an aldopentose, has the formula \( \ce{C5H10O5} \), consistent with its five-carbon structure.

Glucose
Ribose
Fructose
Galactose
2

Which biomolecule loses its biological activity when its tertiary structure is disrupted?

Enzymes, which are proteins, lose activity when their tertiary structure is disrupted (denatured), as the active site is altered.

Enzyme
Carbohydrate
Nucleic acid
Vitamin
1

Which of the following is a globular protein?

Globular proteins are spherical and water-soluble. Insulin is an example, unlike fibrous proteins like keratin.

Keratin
Collagen
Myosin
Insulin
4

Which disaccharide contains a β-glycosidic linkage?

Lactose has a β-1,4-glycosidic linkage between galactose and glucose, making it a reducing sugar.

Sucrose
Lactose
Maltose
Fructose
2

What is the glycosidic linkage in lactose?

Lactose has a β-1,4-glycosidic linkage between the C1 of galactose and C4 of glucose, making it a reducing sugar.

α-1,4
α-1,2
β-1,4
β-1,6
3

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